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- <text id=90TT3481>
- <title>
- Dec. 31, 1990: Counting Up The Atrocities
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Dec. 31, 1990 The Best Of '90
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 27
- KUWAIT
- Counting Up the Atrocities
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>By MICHAEL KRAMER
- </p>
- <p> Was the Kuwaiti supermarket manager shot to death by Iraq's
- occupation forces? Or was he beheaded? Or hanged? Three supposed
- eyewitnesses described the murder differently to TIME, although
- all agree on the result: the man is definitely dead. Whatever
- actually happened, the fate of that particular Kuwaiti confirms
- a well-known reality: truth is often war's first casualty.
- </p>
- <p> Among those who monitor atrocities for a living, a dispute
- is simmering. How many Kuwaitis have been summarily executed
- since Iraq's invasion on Aug. 2? How many have been tortured,
- how many arrested, how many raped? No one knows for sure, and
- few but Saddam's henchmen may ever know.
- </p>
- <p> At one level, the debate concerns intellectual honesty. At
- least one human-rights organization believes the Kuwaiti
- government in exile may be orchestrating exaggerated tales of
- horror for political gain. "The situation is bad enough when you
- consider just the tragedies that can be objectively verified,"
- says Andrew Whitley, the executive director of Middle East
- Watch, headquartered in New York. "There is no need to inflate
- the statistics."
- </p>
- <p> The human-rights organizations are quarreling among
- themselves. Middle East Watch, for example, contends that the
- recent report by Amnesty International detailing human-rights
- abuses in Kuwait is overdrawn. But the problem is one of degree
- only. When Middle East Watch says Amnesty's high-range estimate
- of perhaps a thousand murders exaggerates the toll by about 400,
- that still leaves 600 victims of Iraqi brutality. And no one
- disputes that Iraq has regularly tortured Kuwaitis. Again, the
- only difference involves numbers.
- </p>
- <p> The account by London-based Amnesty International is crucial
- because it has dramatically affected the world's most important
- audience. Days after reading the 82-page report at Camp David,
- George Bush was still talking about it. "I ask you to read half
- of it," said the President during an interview with TIME in the
- Oval Office. "If you can't stomach half of it, read a quarter
- of it."
- </p>
- <p> Far more than the number of atrocities, the manner of Iraq's
- barbarism has stuck with Bush. Amnesty documents 38 methods of
- torture used by the Iraqis--everything from the use of
- electric probes to the cutting off of ears and tongues. "Good
- God," says Bush, "it is so powerful, you won't be able to
- believe it."
- </p>
- <p> Human-rights reports are political documents. They are
- embraced or ignored depending on the interests of nations.
- Amnesty, for one, has regularly detailed the torture, detention
- and murder of Iraqis--by Iraqis--but the U.S. hardly cared
- about such atrocities during the years when Washington's Middle
- East policy dicaccommodating Saddam. So when the President says
- Amnesty's report has "really made an impression on me," he is
- reacting in a new context. Had he been applying a consistent
- human-rights standard all along, he would have been just as
- exercised about last year's Amnesty report on Iraq, and perhaps
- the Administration would have supported the sanctions some
- Congressmen were urging before Saddam's brutality spilled beyond
- Iraq's borders.
- </p>
- <p> More important, the U.S. may now move militarily--without
- giving the sanctions time to work on Saddam--because the
- President describes the Amnesty report as "one of the things
- that's driving me. I've heard some guy telling me...we've
- got time. Time. Read it. It's what's happening now. We don't
- have a lot of time."
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-